Method of manufacturing concrete-reinforcing frames and the product therof.



l P; a@ R. L @www METHOD 0F MANUFACTURING GONGRBTE BEINPORUING FRAMES .MTD THE PRODUCT THREE'. APPLIOATION FILED JULY 23, V1906.

99,748, v Patented Aug, 3,1909.

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P. E. L B.. L. BERT-HT. METHOD 01? MANUFACTURING CONGRETE BEINIORCING FRAMES ND THE PRODUCT TBEBE''. APPLICATION FILED JULY 23, 1906.

29,74, Patented Aug. 3, 1909.

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ww mila-WWW wit/Lewes UNITED sTATEs PATENT oEEIoE.

PAUL E. BERTIN AND REN L. BERTIN, 'OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNORS TO REINFORCEMENT SUPPLY COMPANY, Ol" NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

METHOD OF MANUFACTURING CONCRETE-BEINFORCING FRAMES AND THE PRODUCT THERF 0F v Specification oi Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 3, 1909.

Application filed July 23, 1906. Serial No. 327,463.

To all whom it may' concern: i

Be it known that we, PAUL E. BERTIN and REN L. BERTIN, both citizens of the Republic of France, and residing in the borough lof Brookl 'n, county of Kings, city and State of New ork, have Invented a new and useful Method of Manufacturing Concrete-Re- InforeingFrames and the'Product Thereof,

4of which the following is a speciiication.

Our invention relates to improvements in i concrete building construction, its object being to provide an improved reinforcing unit frame for concrete girders and other suporting members of a building, and consists .in thepimproved method of assembling and knownas the ,loose rod system in which the individual reinforcing Ielements or rods must be placed 1n designed position and held securely in such' position while the concrete is filled in around sq as to embed thev same,

and until the concrete has set, and the l other the unit systein, in which the re-A .skilled superintendence. Vthe so-called unit system absolutely reliable inforcing elementsare first assembled and secured together in the form of a skeleton of -the girder or other part of the building which they are designed to reinforce, such skeleton or frame being then set in place as a whole.l The loose rod. system requires the constant presence of experienced engineers and superintendents whose duty it iis to see that .the reinforcing elements are placed and held in position in exact accord with the engineering requirements and the lans and specifications of thestructure.

he disadvantage-s and objections to this method of construction have made increasin ly important the devising of a thorough, relgiable unit` system whereby Asuch unit may be set in place in the same manner as a steel beam and the concrete filled in 4'about it by unskilled labor, thus dispensing almost entirely with' 'the necessity for In order to make and certain to fulfil all of the engineering reuiremonts, itgis absolutelyT necessary that ille arts which make up the skeleton frame shall) be so interconnected as to absolutely -preclude the possibility of their displacenient. All beams, girders and like parts of the structure require reinforcing menibers'to resist shearing` and tension strains. The numbers, dimensions and location of the various members or bars are' calculated with the same precision as the foi-m and dimensions of a steel beam, so that the minimum amount of material, and maximum strength to resist the calculated strains may ie sccui'ed. Such skeleton frame or unit is made up of longitudinal or tension members, (and in some cases with longitudinal compression Y members) and transverse vertical or inclined shearing members. Various methods'of interconnection of the vertical or shearing members with the horizontal or tension members have been devised, such as by tying as by means of wire, or by bolting them together. VIt is obvious to any one familiar with 'such structures that neither of these.

methods is certain and positive in its results. Handling and transportation of the structure is sure to cause more or less loosening of the unions and displacement of the parts, whereby the structure as a whole becomes deformed "and lacking in the prescribed engiiieering requirements. union of the parts of such structure may be secured by welding, but that method is objectionable from the fact. that it is practically impossible to insure a perfect weld and almost as difficult to avoid burning, either of whichwouldseriously weaken the structure below itsfcaleulated strength.

Our inventionzis designed, and has been proved by active service, to overcome all of these difficultiesl and, provide a-nabsolutely rigid `union wit-hout weakening ofthe interconnected parts. l.

Thisim rovement consists essentially in the so-cal ed shrinking of vone part or member around the other, and holding` the parts in place until the heated member has cofoled to normal temperature, its contrac-` tion in cooling serving to grip it upon the inclosed member with such force as to prevent shifting or displacement. It also permits the use of round bars as the cheapest and simplest form of rod for both horizontal'and vertical members, and the employment of any desired dimensions of Such ars to meet the exact Vrequirements of the specifications and engineering plans. In assembling the parts, the longitudinal or tension-members are shaped to proper form and dimensions,

.and assembled, and held` rigidly in position as by means of a suitable Aclamping rack while the smaller-transverse or yerticalrods `are heated to a high heat, preferably cherry red, and then spirally Wound about the ten sionv members 'in exact designed and calculated positions, Asuoli osition of the parte being maintained untilj the heated members havethoroughly cooled, whereby their conf traction serves to grip them uponthe tension rods so'iirinly that they cannot ldisplaoed Without being unwound orbroken. l f y ln- 'the accompanying' drawingsforining part ofV this specification, Figure'lr is a side elevation of a single truss or girder unit hav-v ing a tension bar,` a shearin' bar and acornpression bar; Fig. 2 i s' a similiarview oiga double truss or girder unit having vtvvo tension i bars and. two shearing bars; Fig'.-3 shows a double truss unit having two tension bars and fourrshearing bars; Fig4 4 is a crosssec tion of Fig. 1 on line 2 2; Fig: 51's `a eross- `section of Fig. 2 on line x--fr,"Fig. 6 a similar cross-section on line gj-Jy; Fig. 7 is a crosssectio'n of Fig. 3 on line .e1-2; Fig. 8 i/s apartial pers estive of a truss unit of the type of Fig. 2 `ig. 9 is a detail showing the manner` of applying a Vertical tie; Figui() is asimilar I ends y3 /of the `compression bar are down` turned as shown, to assist infanchoringthe frame in the concrete. Where the `coin ression memberv is omitted the'ends 4 o the` ,Y shearing member are similarly downturned for anchorage purposes. lThe tensiony and compression bars are preferablyV straight as shown, the shearing bar has a middle or inf terniediate lportieri 5 which als@ is straight', and bears u on the adjacent tension vbar A;

The 'ends o the shearing vbar are bent np-y Wardly at an angle of less than9() degreesto form shearing sections 6 which determine the height `of the frame. Theseends are then bent to form ,the portion 7A parallelwith' the tensionmember'.' vThe@ tension 'member is connectedto theeompression member and `to the'parallel ends ofthesliearingnienibers by vertical ties '18.*' The `usual dimensions of the tension-shearing and compression bai-s arefromfan inch tofan inch and a quarter diameter, andthe corresponding dimensions othe'ties Sfare'preferably three/-eighths of an inch diameter. Iii-the types of lframe shown in Figs. v2 A. and .'3,.. stirrups 9 are provided, which serve asianchorages in A.the concrete'. The tension menibe'rsof 'the double frame as Vliplete edinanufaetured prodnt showiiiin Figs. 2, and'Sai-e interoonneetd* by horizontal ties 10; Similarly tl'ie'V Seem? pression members of 1the doubleframoi' ends of the shearing members\Where.cor`ii-V nterconv;

pression members are 'omitted are nested byk horizontal ties 1 l.

. Thefmethod offorming and parts of the frame is, as fellows: Theitensiom shearing and compression bars are lirahbent.YV i

(preferably cold) into the desired sha eend assembled in suitable holding-devices? purpose (not shown); as a single The.; rods `for the vertioal'ties 8 are cut to'prope'r` length and bent cold Ainthe form' ehownin,

Fig. 9to exaetlyspanthe bars withwhich they are to be connected. i, The"endslZ of the i tie are thenheated toa high degree, 'and the, f

vtie is then laced upon the barsasshown in Fig. 9, an a suitabletool v13 having lateral hooks 14',4 or `other ap ropriate*y deyiee,-fis then a plied toengage t e `l'ieatedend .of theV tie an qniekly to Wind it spirally around. the barfor` bars to which it is t0 be connected.

The bars are maintained by -thefholding def vices inositionluntil-the ties have eooled place,` t e shrinkage of the spirallylfrvound; i

ends in cooling serving toy grip them upbnjfthe bars sostrongly that the .connection is for all practical purposes as solid and iinrnovable` as the `parts Were .Welded together. 'lf it `is desired to forni at doubletruss, two of the? single trusses tliusleonstmicted areassernbled in `suitable holding devices to maintain exact' kdesired distancebetween them, and their adaeent bars 'or 'members are then interconnected by i'neans of the horizontal ties and 11 ivhixeh are shaped celdas shown in, l Fig. 10, their ends 15 being thenheated and J wound abont'the barsv inthe saine inainierV as the Vertical ties. Theyinterinediate portions of the double truss in'whch the coinpressionbars are omitted, are .united by stirrups 9 l 'which are first shaped whilecold ii'ito't'hey forni` shownl in Fig. `11, their ends beingthen heated .and Wound spirally aboiit the bars` lio and allowed to cool in place in the vsaine mani 'ner as the tiesare connected to .the bars.y -The unitramewhetherof the simple or single truss type vor1 a combined type of any number of single or siinple trusses, .with its members Yso .11e united, lbecomes a praetically integralstructure throughout..." z f.

' It will be observed hat not only does Y i impovedfmethod possessthepractical ad-` A i vantage ofy enabling'the eWorker to fconstrnet from the sim le rod formofraw materiale new `few nioinentsftime, but also ,thattheiiiesriL i bility' of the" method enables the engineer at any time vor point the building oper-afi tions to 1re-design and change. the"fernedi` mensions and stress resisting requirements of a given rame,and to have a modified stru`ctureprodueed with but brie'and negligible delay in the delivery of such frames; It is also obvious that' with the same shop equip.

reinforcing unit frames comprising a plurality of longitudinal and of transverse meinbers, the one being Wound around the other, consisting in shrinking each encircling member upon the other.

I 2. The method of constructing concrete reinforcing unit frames havingtension and shearing bars and interconnecting ties, consisting in-hea'ting the ties to a high temper..-

ture and winding them while highly heated around said bars while the latter are cold, and causing said ties to cool in place.

3. The method of constructing concrete reinforcing unit frames comprising longitudinal bars and interconnecting ties, consisting in ii'rst shaping said bars and then assembling them in position While cold, then heating to a high .temperature the parts of Ithe ties to be united to said bars and winding said heated parts around said bars and rigidly holding said bars in position until said ties have cooled.

4. The method of constructing concrete reinforcing unit frames having tension and shearing members, and transverse ties, consisting in first shaping said tension and shearing members, then assembling them unheated, then heating the tiesand winding them around said members to interconnect them, the parts being kept in position until the ties are cooled.

5. The method of constructing concrete reinforcing unit frames having a plurality of 'similar trusses, each having a top and a bottom member interconnected by vertical ties, and said trusses being interconnected by horizontal ties, consisting in iirst shaping, assembling and winding the ties lwhile hot around the membersl of said truss and allowing said tiesto cool in place, and then similarly applying the horizontal ties toV the tension members of the differenttrusses to interconnect said trusses.

6. A concrete reinforcing frame for girders and the like, comprising longitudinal and transverse members, the one-member being wound around the connected member and being secured thereto solely by being shrunk thereon.

'7. A concrete reinforcing frame com rising longitudinal and transverse mem ers ties being secured to said tension members bly; 115

sha ed andassembled into the form of a ske eton ofthe part to be constructed, and rigidly interconnected b T the' one member being while highly heate Wound around the connected member while the latter is unheated, the members being maintained in position until the heated members are cooled.

8. VA concrete reinforcing'frame compris-V ing tension members and inclined shearing members, consisting of round rods shaped and assembled into the form of a skeleton ,of the 1 concrete structure, and 4 interconnected by vertical and horizontal ties secured thereto by being while hot wound around said'members while cold and allowed tocool in place.

9. A concrete reinforcing framecomprising two -top and two bottom tension mem-- bers, ties connecting each top tension member with its bottom member, Aand lateral ties connecting the top tension members with each other, and the bottom tension members with eachother, all the various parts being interconnected by wrap ing heated parts y around cold parts, and ho ding the same rigidly in position'during the cooling of said heated parts.

10. A concrete reinforcing unit frame comprising horizontal tension members and ver-- tical shearing members or ties, said ties being rigidly united to and interconnecting the top and bottom tension members by being while y heated wound spirally there-around and cooled in place.

11. A concrete reinforcing unit frame, comprising bottom tension members one or more being straight and one or more being bent upwardly and ,inclined outwardly across the line of shear, the ends serving as tension members over the point of support, and ver' Y tical ties constituting shearing members. in terconnecting the top and bottom tension members, and rigidly secured thereto by be' ing spirally wound around and shrunk thereon.

1J2. A compound reinforcing unit, comprising two or more sets of top and bottom tension members interconnected by vertical shearing ties, and by horizontal ties, all said being wound spirally around and shrun 13` The method` of making concrete rein--` forcing frames from raw or stock material, Y

which consists in interconnecting the parts by wra )ping heated parts around cold parts and holding the same in position during the cooling of said heated parts.

14. The method of making concrete reinforcing frames from raw or stock material by means of tie rods, consisting in wra ping the.

heated ends of such tie rods aroun the cold frame members, and holding the frame members in position during the cooling of the ties.

1-5. A concrete reinforcing frame, made up of raw or stock material, in which the members arenterconnected Hy the Wrap ingof heated parts around cold parts, and olding the same in position durlng the vcooling of said 'heated parts. 4 16. AA concrete reinforcing frame made up of'raWjor stock material united by Vtie rods, the ends of said tie -rods having been While heatedwrap ed spirally around cold frame members and allowed to cool in place.

In Witness 74whereof, We have hereunto dei',` 1o

our hands at the city 'of New Yorl, this 20th 'day of July, 1906. l

' PAUL E.` BERTIN.

l REN L. BERTIN.

. Witness'es T; D. MERWIN,

lLOUIS O. PIPER. 

